What is the purpose of pro rata liability in insurance policies?

Pro rata liability serves to ensure that when multiple insurance policies cover the same risk or insurable interest, claims are settled fairly among the insurers involved. This principle is particularly important to avoid overindemnification, where a policyholder might receive more than the actual loss due to multiple policies covering the same loss.

In situations where more than one policy is in force for the same risk, pro rata liability allows for the distribution of the claim payment across the various insurers based on the proportion of coverage each policy provides relative to the total insured amount. This means that if a loss occurs, each insurer pays a portion of the claim according to the coverage they issued, promoting fairness and preventing any one insurer from bearing the entire loss when several policies exist.

Other options do not align with the primary purpose of pro rata liability. Determining eligibility for claims, calculating premiums, or adjusting coverage amounts involve other aspects of insurance policies that do not specifically address the allocation of liability among multiple insurers.